• Runx also controls the proliferation and neuronal differenti

  2018-11-08

  

  Runx1 also controls the proliferation and neuronal differentiation of certain neural progenitor cell populations. In embryonic olfactory bulb progenitor cells in vivo, as well as in cultures of either embryonic olfactory progenitor cells or embryonic cortical NSPCs, Runx1 increases cell proliferatio

• br Materials and methods br Results and discussion To

  2018-11-08

  

  Materials and methods Results and discussion To generate an OKSM mouse model with higher reprogramming efficiency we exchanged the m2rtTA for the more efficient rtTA3 (Das et al., 2004). We used founder animals which can be found commercially available at the Jackson Institute and applied a br

• Our work has also helped clarify the role for ATM

  2018-11-08

  

  Our work has also helped clarify the role for ATM in human cell telomere maintenance specifically in the context of reprogramming. The observations of accelerated telomere shortening (Metcalfe et al., 1996; Xia et al., 1996) and spontaneous telomere fusions in primary (Kojis et al., 1989, 1991) and

• br Results br Discussion The characterization

  2018-11-08

  

  Results Discussion The characterization of ISC populations by histological and bulk molecular profiling approaches has resulted in a number of seemingly contradictory findings in the published literature. Specifically, indispensable reserve ISCs marked by Bmi1- and Hopx-CreERT2 E-64d have bee

• Based on their in vitro characteristics and gene

  2018-11-08

  

  Based on their in vitro characteristics and gene expression profile, it is plausible that CB-iNCs contain an amplifying neural population that can be expanded under chemically defined conditions and primed to differentiate into more committed progenitors. This population presents similarities with t

• br Results br Discussion hESCs demonstrate the potential to

  2018-11-08

  

  Results Discussion hESCs demonstrate the potential to serve as a starting cell population for bone regeneration, and previous studies report effective differentiation of hESCs to osteogenic lineage (Arpornmaeklong et al., 2010; Kärner et al., 2009). However, it remains important to better defi

• Although previous work showed that SOX is sufficient to

  2018-11-08

  

  Although previous work showed that SOX2 is sufficient to convert fibroblasts into NES+ multipotent NSCs under a unique culture condition (Ring et al., 2012), our genetic approach using Nes-CreER;Rosa-YFP mice failed to detect a stable NSC state during the in vivo reprogramming process. This differen

• Compared to treatments with other FGF isoforms stimulation w

  2018-11-08

  

  Compared to treatments with other FGF2 isoforms, stimulation with 22.5kDa FGF2 results in lower stem cell gene expression in hESCs (Fig. 4d), weaker proliferative activity in human dermal fibroblasts (Fig. 5), and lower relative mitogenic activity in BaF3 thymidylate synthase ectopically expressing

• The following are the supplementary data related to

  2018-11-08

  

  The following are the supplementary data related to this article. Conflict of interest Introduction Mammalian eyes contain retinal stem cells (RSCs) that are capable of proliferating and differentiating into all of the cell types of the neural retina as well as the retinal pigmented epitheliu

• br Introduction In mammals cells from the blastocyst stage c

  2018-11-08

  

  Introduction In mammals, cells from the Gefitinib stage can be used to form embryonic stem (ES) cell lines that can self-renew in culture while maintaining the ability to differentiate into cells of the three germ layers (Reubinoff et al., 2000). Directed in vitro differentiation protocols gener

• melk inhibitor The mechanisms involved in reprogramming soma

  2018-11-08

  

  The mechanisms involved in reprogramming somatic melk inhibitor to iPSCs by the Yamanaka factors remain poorly understood. Because of the low efficiency and slow kinetics of most reprogramming systems, molecular events that direct somatic cells to pluripotency have been difficult to define. Recent w

• EWS FLI a widely recognized fusion oncogene for Ewing

  2018-11-08

  

  EWS-FLI1, a widely recognized fusion oncogene for Ewing sarcomas, is generated by the chromosomal translocation of t(11;22) (q24;q12), which consists of the N-terminal transactivator domain of the EWS gene and the C-terminal ETS DNA binding domain of the FLI1 gene. The resulting EWS-FLI1 fusion prot

• The NT formation and NESC to RGPCs transition at the

  2018-11-08

  

  The NT formation and “NESC-to-RGPCs” transition at the onset of neurogenesis are two fundamental events in the early developing interleukin 2 receptor (Götz and Huttner, 2005). However, the developmental regulations are unclear due to being hard to definitely control the two stages. In this study,

• Our analysis revealed that mTOR inhibitors added alone to

  2018-11-08

  

  Our analysis revealed that mTOR inhibitors added alone to SF-defined medium can induce mesendoderm, and our follow-up studies confirmed that rapamycin enhances the formation of HE and blood progenitors. Ten-point dose curves revealed a bimodal effect where rapamycin at low concentrations mildly enha

• br Experimental Procedures See Supplemental Experimental Pro

  2018-11-08

  

  Experimental Procedures See Supplemental Experimental Procedures for details on mice, flow cytometry and cell sorting, cell-cycle and apoptosis analysis, myeloid progenitor and Lys-GFP in vitro differentiation assay, and gene expression. Author Contributions Acknowledgments Introduction

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