• Apelin APJ triggers a variety of cellular signaling pathways

  2024-05-29

  

  Apelin/APJ triggers a variety of cellular signaling pathways (Fig. 1). Recent studies from our laboratory showed that apelin-13 induces vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation by the upregulation of Cyclin D1 expression, which is involved in an ERK-dependent activation of Jagged-1/Notch3 si

• Acknowledgments br Introduction Pulmonary fibrosis PF is

  2024-05-29

  

  Acknowledgments Introduction Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic, fibrosing interstitial pneumonia and a crushing disease that occurs as a result of a variety of lung injuries, including auto-immune, tuberculosis and traumatic insult [1], [2]. PF is characterized by the accumulation of extracel

• Over the years measures of total antioxidant

  2024-05-29

  

  Over the years, measures of total antioxidant status (TAS) have been developed to capture the collective effect of antioxidant defense capacity, including enzymatic and nonenzymatic systems (Fraga et al., 2014, Franco et al., 2007). Multiple antioxidant enzymes, as well as antioxidant vitamins and m

• Most clinically approved antiangiogenic drugs are aimed

  2024-05-29

  

  Most clinically approved antiangiogenic drugs are aimed at blocking the action of vascular endothelial growth factor, or VEGF, which is accepted to be the most important tumor-derived angiogenic factor, stimulating proliferation and migration of endothelial cells, as well as branching of vessels (Fe

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction The angiogenic ocular co

  2024-05-29

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction The angiogenic ocular conditions represent the most common cause of blindness in developed countries [1]. It can affect all ages, for example, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in infants [2], [3], diabetic retinopathy (DR) [4] in working age adults and age-related

• br Disclosure br Acknowledgments br Introduction Deeper unde

  2024-05-28

  

  Disclosure Acknowledgments Introduction Deeper understanding of the pathobiology of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has led to the development of small ambroxol hydrochloride that target genetic mutations known to play critical roles in the progression to metastatic disease. Mutations in

• In conclusion our study would seem

  2024-05-28

  

  In conclusion, our study would seem to indicate that a hydrophilic microenvironment, which is suitable to accommodate highly hydrophilic molecules with steric hindrance such as aldose hemiacetals, allows the enzyme modulation by one of its most important physiopathological substrates. It is difficul

• Walrycin B Mass spectrometry MS analysis and

  2024-05-28

  

  Mass spectrometry (MS) analysis and selective enrichment methods of phosphorylated proteins are powerful tools that can help address these challenges. Recent advances in MS have made it possible to analyze signaling pathways by facilitating high-throughput identification of phosphorylation sites wit

• Introduction Diabetic nephropathy is a rapidly

  2024-05-28

  

  Introduction Diabetic nephropathy is a rapidly growing cause of end-stage renal disease [1]. Glomerular, tubular and vascular toxicity resulting from hyperglycemia (glucotoxicity) have been evaluated extensively at the molecular level as contributing factors for diabetic nephropathy [[1], [2], [3]]

• br Actin at presynapses br Conclusion Thanks to the recent

  2024-05-28

  

  Actin at presynapses Conclusion Thanks to the recent discovery of rings, hotspots and trails, axonal artemether is back in the spotlight. These are exiting times for neuronal cell biologists armed with constantly improving labeling and imaging techniques to observe, quantify and perturb these

• br ACK signaling partners ACK interacts with and

  2024-05-28

  

  ACK1 signaling partners ACK1 interacts with and tyrosine phosphorylates many cellular proteins regulating critical cellular processes [11]. While ACK1 shares common intracellular effectors such as AKT with other signaling pathways, it imparts specificity to signaling by phosphorylating effectors

• Introduction Myasthenia gravis MG is an autoimmune disorder

  2024-05-28

  

  Introduction Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle weakness, which is mainly due to autoantibodies reducing the number or function of postsynaptic AUY-922 receptors (AChRs) [1], [2]. Animal models have been developed to uncover the immunopathogenesis of MG. Exper

• Regarding androgens it is known that they are also essential

  2024-05-28

  

  Regarding androgens, it is known that they are also essential for reproductive success (Walters et al., 2010). At the molecular level, their effects are produced mainly by dihydrotestosterone (DHT), arising from the conversion of testosterone by the enzyme 3-oxo-5-alpha-steroid-4-dehydrogenase (enco

• During myeloid cell maturation expression of LO mRNA and

  2024-05-28

  

  During myeloid cell maturation, expression of 5-LO mRNA and protein is strongly induced (60–130-fold) by calcitriol (1,25(OH)2D3) and transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) [6,7]. The upregulation of 5-LO mRNA transcription is mainly due to transcript elongation and mRNA maturation [8,9]. Interestingly

• HCC aetiology is multifactorial and the disease

  2024-05-28

  

  HCC aetiology is multifactorial and the disease is often preceded by other conditions including liver fibrosis and cirrhosis that are associated with HCV, HBV, alcoholic and non-alcoholic hepatitis. The discovery of new therapeutic targets will require a greater understanding of the pathogenic mecha

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